Friday, September 13, 2013

We Demand (and Supply) Candy


Math Standard:
Label ordered pairs, finding domain and range, writing inequalities
Solve polynomial systems by graphing

CTE Standard:
Define business related terms:  demand (elastic), supply, equilibrium point; Create an Excel chart from table data; Graph a set of points on Excel – labeling via a text box; Change the axis formats in Excel as necessary

Teacher Notes/Materials Needed:
Bags of fun size candy (5 different types)
Excel on a projector with a table file for each type of desired candy
White boards, markers, & mini erasers

CTE Situation
The day prior to this lesson ask students for their favorite fun size candy (given them choices such as Skittles, Starburst, Twix, Milky Way, Reeses, etc) – take a straw poll vote at the end of the class to find the most popular.   Students may ask why and respond with “you’re such a GREAT class I MAY have a treat for you tomorrow AND you may have the chance to purchase candy from me on some days”.  Write the choices on the board and leave them overnight.

Upon entry the next day, students will ask “do we get candy”.  If possible, set up the various choices in piles on tables and have students choose their favorite one piece as a free sample.  State the objectives.  Now that you’ve had a nibble of the delicious candy, would you like more?  However, you will have to buy them TOMORROW.

Day 1 Process:
Students gather around the SmartBoard and teacher enters data as follows:
1.  State that the teacher will offer some Candy #1 (most popular) for $.01
2.  Each student writes on his/her whiteboard the number of pieces of Candy #1 desired to purchase for $.01
3.  Total all of the student’s request to purchase Candy #1
4.  Enter the amount into the Excel table
5.  Increase the amount to $.05 (make up a story about why…. to offer at $.05”)
6.  Repeat steps #2-5 until you have no demand for the particular candy type, increasing $.05 for the purchase price.
7.  Students return to computers and together we create an Excel data series chart for the demand.  Price will be the Y axis and quantity desired will be the X axis. (CTE)
8.  Label the ordered pairs using textboxes, using proper mathematics language.
9.  Below the chart, use set notation for the domain and for the range 
10.  For an extra free piece of candy:  State at the bottom of the chart, “what is the meaning of the domain and range?”
11.  Complete 4 candy charts (for the most popular 4 candies) using steps #1-10.   Create graphs using Excel or any other method.

DAY 2 Process
Prior to class, teacher must determine the supply amounts for the prices determined for the demand.  “While I’m very generous, I will be offering this candy at a specific price for each type.”

1.  Open Candy #1 file and create a Column C labeled Supply  
2.  Give students the figures (teacher generates how much they will supply at each sale value), ask the students for the reasons why at each increase of price, the teacher is willing to offer more pieces of candy; lead the students to conclude that this is the inverse of demand.
3.  Give a piece of graph paper to each student.   Students will duplicate the demand curve from previous day.  Review concepts as necessary, restating domain and range.
4.  Using the teacher generated numbers for supply, have students graph the supply curve on the same piece of graph paper
5.  Determine where the 2 curves meet called the equilibrium point; “this is how you solved systems by graphing”   
6.  Use Excel to create a supply curve (this is a repeat of #4 except now using technology.
7.  Label the equilibrium point
8.  Complete the remaining candy charts in Excel; Sell the candy for the equilibrium price.



Using the table below write the ordered pairs.
How many pieces wanted                    Price

0.01

0.05

0.10

0.15





State the domain and range of the following relation.


Solve the following system by graphing:

Extension:  Write the equation of the supply and demand curves.  Solve the system by algebraic substitution.


Thanks to Jean Keenan & Joanne Costa for sharing this lesson.

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